by Infertility is a widespread problem faced by many couples today. For some, conceiving naturally does not happen easily or within a reasonable timeline. This is where fertility tests come in handy to understand the underlying causes of infertility and aid treatment. Let us deep dive into some key fertility tests that can assess ovarian reserve, sperm analysis and other aspects of reproductive health.
Ovarian reserve tests
The ovarian reserve refers to the quantity and quality of eggs remaining in a woman’s ovaries. As women age, Fertility Test their ovarian reserve declines which impacts fertility. Common ovarian reserve tests include:
Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) test: AMH is a hormone produced by small follicles in the ovaries and its levels correlate well with the ovarian reserve. A low AMH suggests diminished ovarian reserve whereas a higher AMH indicates good egg quantity.
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) test: FSH is a hormone that stimulates the ovaries to mature and release eggs. An elevated FSH level on day 3 of the menstrual cycle could mean reduced ovarian reserve.
Antral Follicle Count (AFC): An ultrasound is used to visualize and count small follicles in the ovaries. A lower AFC corresponds to lesser developing follicles and eggs.
These tests are recommended for women over 35 as ovarian reserve declines with age. Abnormal results may prompt discussions around egg freezing, IVF use or other fertility preservation methods.
Sperm analysis
A semen analysis is one of the basic Fertility Test tests that examines sperm concentration, motility, morphology, volume and other parameters. These parameters impact a man’s fertility potential. Low or abnormal values may point to reduced sperm quantity and quality issues like varicocele which impact conception chances. Repeating the test helps gauge any variation over time as well.
More complex tests like DNA fragmentation tests and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays can shed light on sperm DNA and oxidative stress levels respectively. High DNA damage or ROS can impair sperm function and fertility even if routine analysis looks normal. Counselling and lifestyle modifications may help in such cases.
Uterine cavity assessment
Tests like a hysterosalpingogram (HSG) or sonohysterogram use radiology or ultrasound to visualize the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes. Abnormalities in the shape of the cavity due to fibroids, polyps or adhesions can affect implantation and fertility. Blockages in the fallopian tubes also seen in these tests hamper egg pickup and transport. Addressing such issues can optimize the uterine environment.
Other important tests
Hormone level tests check key female hormones involved in the menstrual cycle and their balanced levels are important for conception. Thyroid function tests are equally crucial as thyroid disorders impact reproductive health. Testing for infections helps rule out factors like Chlamydia, which if untreated can damage the fallopian tubes over time. A semen culture examines any bacterial presence that may reduce sperm quality. Understanding the detailed lab results and timelines aids creating a customized fertility plan.
Making informed choices
Comprehensive fertility screening and testing provides valuable insights into the reproductive health status. Partners must be open to get tested to rule out any treatable issues. Abnormal results should not lead to despair but be viewed as an opportunity to find corrective solutions.IVF by itself may not be the only answer and lifestyle changes based on test observations can also boost fertility in some cases. Seeking repro-medicine help to decipher complex results enables better decision making around treatment routes. An informed approach going hand in hand with emotional support increases chances of building a family.
*Note:
1. Source: Coherent Market Insights, Public sources, Desk research
2. We have leveraged AI tools to mine information and compile it
